References
This is a selection of the sources used in the article “Whitewashing the Eyes of Texas” by Alberto A. Martinez.
Here’s the full article.
Jack Allen, quoted in “News Items of this Territory Are Compiled,” Pampa Daily News (Texas), Vol. 29, №222, December 22, 1935, p.13.
Anonymous friend of John Sinclair: a female teacher in San Antonio, “Controversy Over ‘Eyes of Texas’ Threatens to Go to Supreme Court; Copyrighter Steps Out of Argument,” San Antonio Express, Vol. 71, №52, February 21, 1936, p.9. https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-express-feb-21-1936-p-9/
Anonymous, “Girls to Cheer Team at Games,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 29, №10, September 29, 1927, p. 1. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-sep-29-1927-p-1/
Roy Bedicheck, “The Eyes of Texas,” Interscholastic Leaguer, Vol. 12, №3 (November 1928), p.2.
Roy Bedicheck, “The Eyes of Gen. Lee,’” Interscholastic Leaguer, Vol. 12, №7 (March 1929), p.2.
Roy Bedicheck, “Our ‘State Song,’” Interscholastic Leaguer, Vol. 12, №4 (December 1928), p.2.
H. Y. Benedict, quoted in “Benedict Addresses Frosh on History and Traditions Centering around Varsity,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 23, №53, November 25, 1922, p.1.
H. W. Brands, “Longhorns Engage in a Difficult Conversation,” March 9, 2021, The University of Texas at Austin; https://youtu.be/Z6sDyb8Wj7M?t=376
Robert Campbell, “Texans Always Move Them!” (1860s) in Henry Steele Commager, ed., The Blue and the Gray: The Story of the Civil War as Told by Participants (New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1950), 984. For analysis of the battle, see John Michael Priest, Victory without Triumph: The Wilderness, May 6th and 7th, 1864 (Shippensburg, PA: White Mane Publishing Company, Inc., 1996).
R. C. [Robert Campbell], “Gen. Lee at the ‘Wilderness,’” The Land We Love, vol. 5, no. 6 (October 1868), 484–85, italics in the original.
James R. Cannon, interviewed in J. J. Deiss, “Amarilloan One of Quartet that Introduced ‘The Eyes of Texas’ as a Minstrel Show Joke: Jim Cannon Tells How the U. of T. Alma Mater Song Was First Sung 28 Years Ago,” Amarillo Sunday News and Globe, Vol. 6, №36, September 6, 1931, Sec. 2, p.“5” (p.51). https://newspaperarchive.com/amarillo-sunday-news-globe-sep-06-1931-p-51/ A modified version of this interview appeared in: “‘Eyes of Texas’ First Sung in 1903 to Audience’s Glee, Member of Quartette Recalls,” The Dallas Morning News, Vol. 46, №340, September 6, 1931, Sec.1, p. 4.
James R Cannon, “Former T.U. Man One of Quartet First to Sing ‘Eyes of Texas’; Tells Origin of the Popular Song,” The Bryan Daily Eagle, Vol. 55, №43, September 7, 1931, p. 2. https://newspaperarchive.com/bryan-daily-eagle-sep-07-1931-p-2/ Also in The Austin American-Statesman, September 7, 1931.
James R. Cannon, photographed in “This Quartet First Sang Eyes of Texas,” The Austin Statesman, Vol. 62, №270, February 20, 1936, p. 1.
James R. Cannon, paraphrased in “Most Popular Song of Texas Started Merely as a Jibe: Texas University Glee Club Quartet Sang Song as Joke,” Corsicana Daily Sun, Vol.39, №37, January 13, 1937, p.7.
Ed Crane, letter of February 19, 1949, in “Resolution Passed for John Lang Sinclair Publication,” The Alcalde, Vol.37, №7, April 1949, p.169.
Edward Crane, letter: “Eyes of Texas,” The Dallas Morning News, Vol.107, №268, June 24, 1956, Part 3, p.“14” (p.36). See also, the article discussed by Crane: Frank X. Tolbert, “‘Eyes of Texas’ Was Written as a Prank,” Dallas Morning News, vol. 107, no. 252, June 8. 1956, Part 3, p.“1” [p. 37].
Edward Crane, quoted in R.J. Edwards, “Round About Town,” Denton Record-Chronicle, Vol.53, №252, June 27, 1956, p.4.
Edward Crane, letter: “Austin Minstrel Song,” The Dallas Morning News, Vol. 110, №73, December 12, 1958, Section 4, p.“4” (p.40).
Kathryn Cochran, “‘Eyes of Texas’ Considered Joke When Introduced,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 23, №57, November 30, 1922, p.6. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-nov-30-1922-p-6/
“‘Eyes of Texas’ First Sung as a Student Joke,” The Austin Statesman, Vol. 51, №192, December 17, 1922, p.10. https://www.newspapers.com/image/359102648/
William Brisbane Dick, Dick’s Stump Speeches and Minstrel Jokes: Containing an Immense Collection of Original and Selected Negro Acts and Farces, Eccentric Sketches, Stump Speeches, Funny Conversations, Burlesque Sermons and Lectures, End Men’s Jokes, Bones’ Gags and Tambo’s Witticisms; Especially Adapted for First Class Minstrel Entertainments (New York, Fitzgerald Publishing Co., 1889).
Alexander Caswell Ellis, ed., The University of Texas Community Song Book, with annotations by Frank LeFevre Reed (Austin: The University of Texas, 1918).
Leonard G. Gee to Judge John N. Henderson, [date?], letter published in “The Texan Who Held Gen. R. E. Lee’s Horse,” Confederate Veteran 12, №10 (1904), 478; submitted with a formal affidavit. See also, W. A. Curtis, “It was a Texan Who Held General Lee’s Horse,” The Franklin Press (Franklin, North Carolina), Nov. 9, 1904, p. 2.
“Order of Gooroos,” The Texan, Vol. 3, №18, February 11, 1903, p.4.
“The Gooroos. Ancient and Honorable Order that Once Flourished on the Banks of the Nile,” The Texan, Vol.4, №13, January 19, 1904, p.3.
Murray Graham, quoted in Lorraine Barnes, “Fox Tries to Throw Eyes of Texas Tilt into Publisher’s Lap,” The Austin Statesman, Vol.62, №271, February 21, 1936, pp.1,6.
Thomas Charlton Hall, reunion with Johnson, Penick, and Schoch, November 26, 1952, “‘Eyes of Texas’ Sung Like in ’03 Hey-Day,” The Austin American, Vol. 39, №152, November 27, 1952, p.1.
Thomas Charlton Hall, reunion with Johnson, Penick, and Schoch, November 26 and 27, 1952, in Russell Tinsley, “50-year-old ‘Eyes’ Encore Reunites Original Singers,” The Daily Texan, №52, №76, December 2, 1952, p. 1.
Thomas Charlton Hall, “Carrie Nation Sparked Song ‘Eyes of Texas,’” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Vol. 72, №326, December 22, 1952, p. 38. Also in The Amarillo Daily News, January 15, 1953, p. 45. Born Carrie Moore in 1846, “Carry Nation” was known for her boisterous opposition to alcohol and was assaulted and jailed multiple times. https://www.newspapers.com/image/637461230/
Thomas Charlton Hall, “U of T President Annoyed: ‘Eyes of Texas’ Traced to Carrie Nation Visit,” The Corpus Christi Times, Vol. 43, №150, December 26, 1952, p. “9B” (p.23). https://newspaperarchive.com/corpus-christi-times-dec-26-1952-p-23/
Henry Camp Harris, Sr., Letter: “‘Eyes of Texas’ Song,” The Dallas Morning News, Vol. 110, №62, December 1, 1958, Sec. 4, pp. 4–3 [p.38].
Clyde Walton Hill, his song is mentioned, “Glee Club Concert: Full Dress Appearance of the Club Here this Year,” The Texan, Vol. 5, №27, May 6, 1903, p.4. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-may-06-1903-p-4/
Clyde Walton Hill, “University of Texas Hymn,” with Hans Hartham, in Alexander Caswell Ellis, ed., The University of Texas Community Song Book, with annotations by Frank LeFevre Reed (Austin: The University of Texas, 1918), p.15.
Clyde Walton Hill, his song is mentioned, “University Song Book Off Press,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 19, №89, May 4, 1919, p.4.
Lewis Johnson, nicknames: Gooroo “Cerberus,” as an ape, “Hot Air Johnson,” “the most pronounced lobster,” The Cactus ’03, Vol. 10 (Austin: Athletic Association of the University of Texas, 1903), pp.159, 253, 258, 262, respectively. Also known as: “Bull Johnson” in Henry Camp Harris, Sr., Letter: “‘Eyes of Texas’ Song,” The Dallas Morning News, Vol. 110, №62, December 1, 1958, Sec. 4, pp. 4–3 [p.38].
Lewis Johnson, mentioned in “The University Glee Club,” The Texan, vol. 5, no. 27, April 29, 1903, p. 3.
Lewis Johnson, mentioned in “‘Varsity Minstrel Show Surpassed Expectations,” The Austin Statesman, May 13, 1903, p. 8.
Lewis Johnson, mentioned in “Everybody Laughed,” The Texan, May 20, 1903, p. 4.
Lewis Johnson, mentioned in “Minstrels. Opera House, Friday Night Curtiss with His Collection of Cannibals. Fresh Ham,” The Texan, June 1, 1904, p. 2. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-jun-01-1904-p-2/
Lewis Johnson, letter to Daniel A. Penick, December 7, 1928, published in Frances Brannen and Jim Nicar, “Our Song: Celebrating the Centennial of ‘The Eyes of Texas,’” The Alcalde, Vol. 91, №4, March/April 2003, pp. 28–34.
Lewis Johnson, speech on “The origin of ‘The Eyes of Texas,’” at the Crazy Hotel, Mineral Wells, Texas, quoted in “University Exes Banquet,” The Jacksboro Gazette, Vol. 49, №41, March 14, 1929, p. 4.
Lewis Johnson, letter to Dean T. U Taylor, reproduced in “Planning the ‘Eyes of Texas,’ A New Note on the Origin of this Famous Song,” The Alcalde, Vol.21, №4, January 1933, pp. 74–75, 79–80.
Lewis Johnson, quoted in “‘Eyes of Texas’ Origin Told In January Alcalde,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 34, №96, January 31, 1933, p.1.
Lewis Johnson, discussed in “Chuck Wagon Gossip by Frank Reeve,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, 26 November 1933, p.“9” (p.17).
Lewis Johnson letter to C. F. Marshall, 1934, quoted in Douglas Marshall, “The Eyes of Texas,” Wichita Falls Times (Features Magazine), Vol. 61, №92, August 13, 1967, p. “15” (p.65).
Lewis Johnson, manuscript on The Eyes of Texas, 1930s, 8 pages; also quoted in Diane Johnson Boddy (granddaughter of Lewis Johnson) to Susan Goddard, email of July 6, 2020.
Lewis Johnson, remarks at the Shakespeare Club at the Woman’s Club, December 12, 1935, as reported in “See Original of ‘Eyes of Texas,’” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Vol. 55, №316, December 13, 1935, p.12. https://www.newspapers.com/image/635949185/
Lewis Johnson, interviewed in “Jacksboro Man Tells About Famous Song’s Inspiration,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Vol. 56, №23, February 23, 1936, p.6. https://www.newspapers.com/image/635972026/
Lewis Johnson, speech of March 2, 1936, at the Texas Independence Day UT alumni gathering at the Palo Pinto County banquet, Baker Hotel, Mineral Wells, in “Lewis Johnson Holds Original Copy of ‘The Eyes of Texas’ — Makes Address,” The Jacksboro Gazette, Vol. 56, №40, March 5, 1936, p.1.
Lewis Johnson, paraphrased in “‘Eyes of Texas’ History Given. Lions Club Hears Song, Sees Original Manuscript and Learns about Its Origin,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Vol. 56, №54, March 25, 1936, p.18. https://www.newspapers.com/image/635959323/
Lewis Johnson to Margarette Garrison, March 29, 1937, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, Thomas Ulvan Taylor Papers, 1872–1941, box 2K277
Lewis Johnson, discussed in: “L. Johnson of Jacksboro Will Speak at T.U.,” The Waxahachie Daily Light, vol. 44, no. 35, May 7, 1938, p.1.
Lewis Johnson, discussed in: “Trinity Speaker to Tell of ‘Eyes’ Song Birth,” The Waxahachie Daily Light, vol. 44, no. 36, May 9, 1938, p. 1.
Lewis Johnson, discussed in: “Tells Students About Writing of Texas Song,” The Waxahachie Daily Light, vol. 44, no. 37, May 10, 1938, p. 4.
Lewis Johnson, discussed in Frank Reeves, “Chuck Wagon Gossip,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Vol.65, №87, April 28, 1945, p.9.
Lewis Johnson, interviewed by Charles K. Boatner, “First Joke Aimed at U.T. President: ‘The Eyes of Texas’ Became Song of Reverence at Prather Funeral,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Vol. 66, №353, January 19, 1947, p.7. https://www.newspapers.com/image/636315809/
Lewis Johnson, discussed in: “2 County Residents Honored at Jacksboro C.C. Banquet,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Vol.72, №76, April 16, 1952, p.18.
Lewis Johnson, interviewed in Lorraine Barnes, “But for Fate, ‘Jolly Students’ Might be UT Song,” The Austin American, Vol. 39, №153, November 28, 1952, p.4. https://www.newspapers.com/image/386414037/
Lewis Johnson, obituary, “Jack County Cattleman, Lewis Johnson, 81, Dies,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Vol. 77, №65, April 6, 1957, p.1. https://www.newspapers.com/image/638426345/
Lewis Johnson, discussed in Mary Tom Rasco, “‘Eyes of Texas’ Saw Light of Day on Scrap of Paper,” The Amarillo Globe-Times, Vol. 34, №95, June 28, 1957, p.23.
Robert Adger Law, “R.A. Law Tells of Campus Traditions Caused by Pranks; ‘Eyes of Texas,’ Names of Shacks Started Out as Jokes on Authorities,” The Daily Texan, Vol.29, №133, March 4, 1928, p.7. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-mar-04-1928-p-7/
John A. Lomax (Ex-Students Association) to John Lang Sinclair, February 18, 1925, transcribed by Stella Sinclair, April 7, 1958, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, UT System Office of General Council, 1924–1987, Box 3H111
John A. Lomax to C.T. Nau, East Texas State Teachers’ College, March 30, 1925, transcribed by Stella Sinclair, April 7, 1958, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, UT System Office of General Council, 1924–1987, Box 3H111
John A. Lomax to John Lang Sinclair, May 15, 1928, with a clipping titled: “Dean Taylor’s Resolution on ‘The Eyes of Texas’,” transcribed by Stella Sinclair, April 7, 1958, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, UT System Office of General Council, 1924–1987, Box 3H111
John Lomax, quoted in David Dettmer, “John A. Lomax and the University of Texas,” in The Texas Book Two: More Profiles, History, and Reminiscences of the University (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2012), p.27.
Ward MacDonald and Eben H. Norris, eds., Denison’s Make-Up Guide
For the Amateur and Professional, Enlarged Edition, Illustrated by Harlan Tarbell (Chicago: T. S. Denison & Company, 1926).
Jack Maguire, “Profiles of Texas: The Eyes of Texas,” 1978, pp.10–11
Alberto A. Martinez, “True Origins of ‘The Eyes of Texas,’” Medium, March 24, 2021 https://almartinezut.medium.com/true-origins-of-the-eyes-of-texas-3f2188569f0e
Alberto A. Martinez, discussing the song The Eyes of Texas, video: Russell Falcon, Alyssa Goard, “NAACP, UT Austin Students, Alumni Groups Denounce Use of ‘Eyes of Texas’ and Demand Its Retirement,” KXAN.com, March 29, 2021: https://www.kxan.com/news/local/austin/naacp-ut-austin-students-alumni-groups-denounce-use-of-eyes-of-texas/
Alberto A. Martinez, “The Eyes of Texas: 1903–2021,” The Orange Jackets, UT Austin, April 29, 2021. https://youtu.be/MI5m6shFpEc
Alberto A. Martinez, “100 Problems in ‘The Eyes of Texas,’” Medium, May 1, 2021. https://almartinezut.medium.com/100-problems-in-the-eyes-of-texas-10959642e535
Alberto A. Martinez, “Students’ Complaints on The Eyes of Texas,” in Texas NAACP complaint submitted to The Office of Civil Rights of the U.S. Department of Education, Sept. 2, 2021, Statement: 6 pages.
Alberto A. Martinez, “Whitewashing the Eyes of Texas,” Medium, September 23, 2021. https://almartinezut.medium.com/true-origins-of-the-eyes-of-texas-3f2188569f0e
Mark McMahon, quoted in “‘Ridiculous,’ Say Texas ‘Exes’ Here to Copyrighting of School Song,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Vol.56, №21, February 21, 1936, p.1.
Jim Nicar, “One Hundred Eyes of Texas,” Fall 2002 Texas Parents Weekend Schedule, Parents Association Fall 2002 Newsletter, reproduced in “A Tour of E.P. Schoch,” UT Department of Germanic Studies https://liberalarts.utexas.edu/germanic/_files/pdf/history/schochtour.pdf
Frances Brannen and Jim Nicar, “Our Song: Celebrating the Centennial of ‘The Eyes of Texas,’” The Alcalde, Vol. 91, №4, March/April 2003, pp. 28–34.
Jim Nicar, “The Eyes of Texas,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 103, №146, June 3, 2003, p.7. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-jun-03-2003-p-7/
Jim Nicar, “One Hundred Eyes of Texas,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 104, №154, June 14, 2004, p. 11. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-jun-14-2004-p-11/
Jim Nicar, “The Eyes of Texas,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 103, №166, July 1, 2003, p.10. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-jul-01-2003-p-10/
Jim Nicar, “The Eyes of Texas,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 103, №169, July 7, 2003, p.7. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-jul-07-2003-p-7/
Jim Nicar, “The Eyes of Texas,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 103, №174, July 14, 2003, p.13. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-jul-14-2003-p-13/
Jim Nicar, “Heritage Society Throws ‘Eyes of Texas’ Centennial Birthday Bash,” The Alcalde, July/August 2003, pp.60–61.
Jim Nicar, “The Eyes of Texas,” The Daily Texan, Freshman Orientation, Vol. 108, №161, Section: Freshman Orientation, June 24, 2008, p.“3” (p.11). https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-jun-24-2008-p-9/
Jim Nicar, “History of School and Fight Songs. The Origins of ‘The Eyes of Texas,’” Longhorn Band website, UT Butler School of Music, scanned: September 5, 2010, https://web.archive.org/web/20100905054044/http://mbe187.music.utexas.edu/Longhornband/History/Songs.aspx
Jim Nicar, “Traditions: ‘The Eyes of Texas.’ Learn the Real Story Behind One of the Greatest Traditions in Collegiate Athletics, ‘The Eyes of Texas,’” TexasSports.com, July 28, 2013. Scanned on November 5, 2014: https://web.archive.org/web/20141105081840/http:/texassports.com:80/sports/2013/7/28/traditions_0728131333.aspx
Jim Nicar, “Eyes of Texas,” The UT History Corner [Jim Nicar’s personal blog], published as early as 2013, but this scan is from March 1, 2015: https://web.archive.org/web/20150301005330/http:/jimnicar.com/ut-traditions/the-eyes-of-texas/
Jim Nicar, “Traditions: ‘The Eyes of Texas.’ Learn the Real Story Behind One of the Greatest Traditions in Collegiate Athletics, ‘The Eyes of Texas,’” TexasSports.com, Revised: Scanned on October 9, 2016: https://web.archive.org/web/20161009034635/http:/www.texassports.com:80/sports/2013/7/28/traditions_0728131333.aspx
Jim Nicar, “The Eyes of Texas,” TexasExes.org, published at least as early as March 2016; but this scan is from June 2, 2017: https://web.archive.org/web/20170602034319/https:/texasexes.org/about-texas-exes/history-and-traditions/ut-history/eyes-texas
Jim Nicar, “A Few Words from an ‘Eyes of Texas’ Committee Member,” The UT History Corner [Jim Nicar’s personal blog], May 12, 2021: https://jimnicar.com/2021/05/12/a-few-words-from-an-eyes-of-texas-committee-member/
Joseph Benjamin Polley to Nellie, July 6, 1864, first published in J. B. Polley, “Texas in the Battle of the Wilderness,” Confederate Veteran 5, №6 (1897), 290. Reprinted in J. B. Polley, A Soldier’s Letters to Charming Nellie (New York: Neale Publishing Company, 1908), 231–32. Also in Richard B. McCaslin, ed., A Soldier’s Letters to Charming Nellie (University of Tennessee Press, 2008), 146.
Fanny K. Prather to John Lang Sinclair, June 23, 1903, transcribed by Stella Sinclair, April 7, 1958, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, records of the UT System Office of General Council, 1924–1987, Box 3H111.
Mary Lu Prather Darden, “The True Story of ‘The Eyes of Texas,’” The Dallas Morning News, Vol.41, no.235, Section 7: Sunday Features, May 23, 1926, p.“3” (p. 67).
Mary Lu Prather Darden, “‘Eyes of Texas’ Grew from Speech Made by Former President Prather,” The Alcalde, Vol.15, no.4, February 1927, pp.261–62.
Mary Lu Prather Darden, letter to Roy Bedichek, 1929, quoted in, “The Eyes of Gen. Lee,’” Interscholastic Leaguer, Vol. 12, №7 (March 1929), p.2.
Mary Lu Prather Darden, quoted in William Richard Cutter, ed., American Biography: A New Cyclopedia, Vol. 48 (American Historical Society, 1931), p.173.
Mary Lu Prather Darden, quoted in Margarette Garrison, “B Hall Stands as Last Memento of University’s Song,” The Daily Texan, vol. 38, no. 152, April 4, 1937, p. 6.
Mary Lu Prather Darden, quoted in “University Urged by Gov. Roberts. Teachers’ Committee Is Called,” Austin American Statesman, Vol.25, №299, March 26, 1939, Sec. 3, p.“10” (p.42).
William L. Prather, “The [Tenth Annual] Opening of the Medical Department,” November 15, 1900, The University Record, vol. 2, no. 4 (December 1900), 384.
William L. Prather, mentioned in: “’Varsity Will Celebrate,” The Texan, Vol. 3, №20. February 25, 1903, p. 1.
William L. Prather, mentioned in: “A New Departure: Final Reception Will Probably Be Held in the New Woman’s Building,” The Texan, Vol. 3, №20, February 25, 1903, p. 4.
William L. Prather, mentioned in: “’Varsity Celebrated Texas Independence,” The Texan, Vol. 4, №21, February 25, 1903, p. 1.
William L. Prather, mentioned in: “College Cullings,” The Texan, Vol. 5, №22, March 25, 1903, p. 4.
William L. Prather, mentioned in: “The Campus,” The Texan, Vol. 5, №23, April 1, 1903, p. 3.
William L. Prather, mentioned in: “Piquant Personals,” The Texan, Vol. 5, №25, April 15, 1903, p. 4.
William L. Prather, in Iowa, “Iowa Entertains Honored Guests,” The Register and Leader (Des Moines), Vol.55, №126, November 3, 1904, p.2.
William L. Prather, obituary, in “W. L. Prather,” Proceedings of the Joint Sessions of the Bar Associations of Arkansas and Texas (Texas Bar Association, 1906), 100.
Fannie Ratchford, “Remember that the Eyes of Texas Are Upon You,” The Alcalde, Vol.37, №4, January 1949, pp. 85–86.
Richard Reddick et al., “The Eyes of Texas History Committee Report,” March 9, 2021 (Austin: The University of Texas at Austin, 2021). https://utexas.app.box.com/s/5o2a1klri1htyhq3mziyxdjgxvegprjj
Orville Augustus Roorbach, Minstrel Gags and End Men’s Handbook (New York: Literature House, 1869).
E. P. Schoch, quoted in “Speakers at Smoker Praise Band’s Work, Review Its History,” The Daily Texan, Vol.38, №63, December 2, 1936, p.1.
E. P. Schoch, quoted in “Schoch Tells Tales of Glee Club’s Origin,” The Daily Texan, vol. 43, №185, May 14, 1942, p.1.
E. P. Schoch, discussed in: “Engineers’ Week Honors Schoch,” The Daily Texan, vol. 52, №118, February 26, 1953, p.3.
E. P. Schoch, discussed or interviewed in Aida Barrera and Eddie Hughes, “85th Birthday Tuesday: UT Hails Dr. Schoch,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 56, №44, October 14, 1956, p.1.
Morris Shelton, “Eyes of Texas Open to the World,” The Daily Texan, vol. 65, no. 148, April 1, 1966, p. 3. See also, “Eyes Have It,” The Daily Texan, vol. 69, no. 89, December 12, 1969, p. 12.
John Lang Sinclair, song manuscript, in Valerie Davis, “The Eyes of Texas,” The Alcalde (May/June 1992), p. 11. Reportedly, Sinclair gave this draft to Horace Morland Whaling, Jr., editor of The Texan (B.A. 1903), who kept it in his copy of The Expository Times, on his bookshelf, until he donated the page to UT in 1950, for the 50th anniversary of The Daily Texan.
John Lang Sinclair, photographed next to Lewis Johnson, in “The Musical Clubs Are Off,” The Texan, vol. 5, no. 25, April 15, 1903, p. 1.
John Lang Sinclair, interviewed in “Author of the ‘Eyes of Texas’ a Visitor Here,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 15, №68, December 12, 1914, p.1. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-dec-12-1914-p-1/
John Lang Sinclair, discussed in: “J.L. Sinclair has Invented Machine,” The Daily Texan, vol. 17, no. 100, February 9, 1917, p. 1.
John Lang Sinclair, letter in Muriel Telfer, “‘Eyes of Texas’ Had Humble Origin in Black-Face Act,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 33, №64, December 3, 1931, pp.1–2. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-dec-03-1931-p-1/
John Lang Sinclair to Ed Nunnally, Chairman of the Copyright Committee, November 25, 1935, transcribed by Stella Sinclair, April 7, 1958, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, UT System Office of General Council, 1924–1987, Box 3H111
John Lang Sinclair to John A. Lomax, March 12, 1939, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, John Avery Lomax Family Papers, 1842, 1853–1986, box 3D158
John Lang Sinclair to Dr. L. W. Payne, Sr., Professor at the University of Texas, October 20, 1939, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, UT System Office of General Council, 1924–1987, Box 3H111
John Lang Sinclair, interviewed on April 5, 1940, in “Penick’s Tenor Won’t Work — ‘Eyes of Texas’ Author Will Not Join Doctor in Song,” The Austin American, Vol. 26, №312, April 6, 1940, p.2. https://www.newspapers.com/image/358452763/
John Lang Sinclair, interviewed on April 5, 1940, in “’Eyes of Texas’ on Him: U.T. Anthem Author Eyes Round-Up,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 41, №159, April 7, 1940, p.1. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-apr-07-1940-p-1/
John Lang Sinclair, interview from April 5, 1940, quotes later published in “Author Clears Legend About ‘Eyes of Texas’,” The Daily Texan, vol. 59, no. 90, January 7, 1960, p. 5. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-jan-07-1960-p-11/
John Lang Sinclair, obituary: “‘Eyes of Texas’ Author Is to Be Buried Wednesday,” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Vol.66, №340, January 6, 1947, p. 5.
Stella C. Anderson (Sinclair), quoted in “Glee Club Gave Ultimatum: ‘Eyes of Texas’ Written on Laundry Paper in ‘Jail,’ Author’s Widow Recalls,” The Abilene, Texas, Reporter-News, vol. 70, no. 264, March 11, 1951, p. 22. The article does not state her name, but it was Stella C. Anderson, see “Eyes of Texas Author Dies,” The Dallas Morning News, vol. 62, no. 97, January 5, 1947, p. 1.
Stella Sinclair (Stella C. Anderson) to John A. Lomax, March 1, 1947, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, John Avery Lomax Family Papers, 1842, 1853–1986, box 3D158
Stella Sinclair (Stella C. Anderson), “Writer of ‘Eyes of Texas’ Never Capitalized on Song,” The Brownsville Herald, Vol. 58, №215, March 11, 1951, p.30.
John Sinclair’s Jolly Students, in the Program for the fall 1903 Minstrel show, “To-Night! To-Night! Curtiss’ Mammoth Minstrels Will Show Tonight” The Texan, November 25, 1903, Vol. 4, №8, p.4. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-nov-25-1903-p-4/
John Sinclair’s Jolly Students, in the review and Program for the fall 1903 Minstrel show, “Varsity Minstrels. Performance at Hancock Opera House Was a Phenomenal Success,” The Austin Statesman, Vol.33, No., November 26, 1903, p.3. https://www.newspapers.com/image/366307665/
John Sinclair’s Jolly Students, version in “A Hard Luck’s Tale,” in The Texan, Vol.4, №13, February 10, 1904, p.2. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-feb-10-1904-p-2/
John Sinclair’s Jolly Students, sang on the road to a picnic, in “The Big Picnic,” The Texan, April 27, 1904, p.1. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-apr-27-1904-p-1/
John Sinclair’s Jolly Students, sang at the UT Austin graduation of June 1904, “Class Day Was Jolly,” The Galveston Daily News, Vol. 63, №75, June 7, 1904, p.4. https://www.newspapers.com/image/30163243/
John Sinclair’s Jolly Students was published with the title “Down on the Avenue,” in Harry Peyton Steger, ed., The Cactus ’04, Vol. 11, (Austin: Students Association of the University of Texas, 1904), p. 8.
Bill Stokes, “Song Spirit of ‘The Eyes of Texas’ Dates Back to Time of Civil War,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 28, №129, p. 1: https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-mar-02-1927-p-1/
Sen. True Strong, “Senator Strong Recommends Adoption of ‘Eyes of Texas’ as Official State Anthem,” The Daily Texan, Vol.26, №115, February 15, 1925, p.1–2.
Thomas Ulvan Taylor, interviewed in “Origin of ‘Eyes of Texas’ Recounted by Dean Taylor,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 20, №91, February 8, 1920, p.4.
Thomas Ulvan Taylor, quoted in “Vinson Declares Formal Opening of Celebration: Addresses by Neff, Taylor and Bailey Feature Campus Gathering,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 23, №168, May 11, 1923, p.4.
Thomas Ulvan Taylor, quoted in “‘The Eyes of Texas’ Originally Written for Minstrel Shows,” The Austin Statesman, Vol. 52, №262, March 3, 1924, p.4. https://www.newspapers.com/image/357583439/
Thomas Ulvan Taylor to Hon. Benjamin Woodall, in Journal of the House of Representatives, Fortieth Legislature, First Session (Austin: Von Boeckmann-Jones Co., 1927), 153–154.
Thomas Ulvan Taylor to J. Frank Davis, July 12, 1935, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, Thomas Ulvan Taylor Papers, 1872–1941, 1962, box 2K273.
Thomas Ulvan Taylor, ed., Programs of Commencement Sundays, Class Days, Invitations, Joint Celebrations, Old B. Hall Menus, Banquets, Inaugurations, Texas Capitols, Vol. 2: 1883–1933 (1930s), Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, Thomas Ulvan Taylor Papers, 1872–1941, 1962, box 2K283.
Thomas Ulvan Taylor, “Life Sketch of T.U. Taylor,” 1935, at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, Thomas Ulvan Taylor Papers, 1872–1941, 1962, box 2K273.
Thomas Ulvan Taylor, Fifty Years on Forty Acres (Alec Book Company, Austin: 1938), pp. 232–235.
Thomas Ulvan Taylor, quoted in Pat Fowler, “Campus Minstrel Song Turned Eyes of the World on Texas,” The Daily Texan, Vol. 45, №56, November 3, 1943, p.2. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-nov-03-1943-p-2/
Varsity Minstrel program in: “Students Ready to Grind the Faculty,” The Austin Statesman, May 12, 1903, p. 7. https://www.newspapers.com/image/359467320/
Horace Morland Whaling, quoted in John Buser, “Painter Gets Original ‘Eyes of Texas’ Copy,” The Daily Texan, Vol.50, №182, May 14, 1950, p.1. https://newspaperarchive.com/austin-daily-texan-may-14-1950-p-1/
Horace Morland Whaling, quoted in Frances Brannen and Jim Nicar, “Our Song: Celebrating the Centennial of ‘The Eyes of Texas,’” The Alcalde, Vol. 91, №4, March/April 2003, pp. 30, 34.
Ernestine Wheelock, “‘The Eyes of Texas’ The Whole Story: UT’s ‘anthem’ has its roots in the lore of the Civil War,” The Alcalde, Vol. 73, №6, July/August 1985, pp. 22–23.
Lynne Wortham, “Prather’s By-Word Is Inspiration for ‘Eyes of Texas,’” The Corsicana Daily Sun, Vol. 40, №312, November 30, 1938, p.7. https://www.newspapers.com/image/10586443/
Harry H. Zickel, copyright №13267, for The Jolly Student, August 22, 1902, in The Canadian Patent Office Record; and Register of Copyrights and Trade Marks, Vol.30 (Ottawa: Government Printing Bureau, 1902), p.1390.
Harry H. Zickel and H.M. Fechheimer, “The Jolly Student: Characteristic March Song and Two-Step” (Detroit: Zickel Publishing Co., 1902). Also at: Parlor Salon Sheet Music Collection; Score 327.
Harry H. Zickel mentioned: “Public Invited to Newsboy’s Meetings,” The Detroit Free Press, Vol. 68, №25, October 19, 1902; Part 3, p.“12” (p.24; see also p.23).
Harry H. Zickel mentioned: “A new college song,” Coe College Cosmos, Vol. 13, №2, November 1902, p.59.
“Harry H. Zickel, of Detroit, composer of the popular song and two-step ‘The Jolly Student,’” The Daily Reflector: Evening Edition (Norwalk, Ohio), Vol. 74, January 14, 1903, p.3. https://newspaperarchive.com/norwalk-daily-reflector-jan-14-1903-p-3/
Harry H. Zickel discussed: “Local Happenings,” St. Joseph Evening Herald [The Herald Press] (Michigan), Vol. 2, №49, February 11, 1903, p.3. https://www.newspapers.com/image/361998362/
Harry H. Zickel discussed: “The Jolly Student,” Texas School Journal, Vol. 20, №5 (November 1902), p.247.
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True Origins of The Eyes of Texas
